What Causes Autism?
Although no one knows the cause of autism, most believe that genetics plays a role. However, no single cause of autism has been identified. Scientists currently believe that a combination of genetics and environment likely play a role, but there may be many causes that lead to Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs), like a physical stress, environmental factors (such as exposure to toxins), or an infectious disease, for example, all may result in developmental delays associated with autism.

Challenges of Autism
People with autism tend to have core challenges with social interactions, communication, and certain behaviors.

Social Interaction

• Trouble relating to people, objects, and events.
• Trouble initiating and sustaining interaction with others.

Communication

• Trouble using (expressive) and understanding (receptive) language.
• Trouble with nonverbal communication, such as pointing, nodding the head, or using other gestures.
• Using words without emotional intent or meaningful content.

Behaviors

• Unusual play with toys or objects (for example, not playing with toys as intended).
• Trouble with changes in routine or familiar environments.
• Repetitive body movements or behavioral patterns.

 What are the Treatments for Autism? A wide range of therapies are available for children and adults diagnosed with ASD, including:

• Educational
• Therapeutic
• Communication
• Social
• Biomedical and alternative therapies

Do your research and find out which interventions best meet the needs of your child and family. Remember: as a parent, you can make the biggest difference in your child’s life. It is important to inform your pediatrician or health care team about any medical or alternative/complimentary therapy in which you may have your child enrolled. And by integrating recommendations from professionals into your daily activities and routines, you can provide the best outcomes for your child.

Resources

www.autismspeaks.org The website of Autism Speaks, an international organization involved with funding research and raising awareness about autism.

http://www.autismspeaks.org/community/family_services/100_day_kit.php The Autism Speaks 100 Day Kit for newly diagnosed families to make the best possible use of the first 100 days following the diagnosis of autism.

http://www.nichcy.org/Disabilities/Specific/Pages/Autism.aspx#WhatisAutism.aspx National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities article on autism

http://www.autism-society.org The website of the Autism Society of America, which provides information and referrals, raises awareness, and supports research about autism.